阅读理解是考研英语的大头，考生们在进行2019复习时，下的功夫都很大。科都考研老师整理了往年考研英语真题逐段精讲，本文是2000年考研英语真题TEXT1第二段，一起来看看吧!

原文：①No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. ②Nevertheless, the word “amateur” does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. ③The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. ④The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.

译文：①在科学领域内，专业人员与业余人员之间没有绝对的区分：任何规则都有其例外。②但是“业余”这个词的确有含义：那就是所指的那个人没有完全融入某个科学家群体，特别是，他可能并不完全认同这个群体的价值观。③19世纪的专业化的发展，以及随之而来的对训练的长期性和复杂性的要求，对业余人员进入科学界造成了更大的困难。④这一趋势在以数学训练或实验室训练为基础的科学领域里自然表现得最为突出，英国地质学的发展可以说明这一问题。

逐句讲解：

第一句：No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. 在科学领域内，专业人员与业余人员之间没有清晰的界限：任何规则都有例外。

1. clear-cut明显的;明确的

2. distinction区分;draw a distinction加以区分;划清界限

3. professionals 专业人员; amateurs业余人员

4. exceptions can be found to any rule任何规则都有例外(exceptions例外)

第二句：Nevertheless, the word “amateur” does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. 但是“业余”这个词的确有内涵意义：那就是相关人员没有完全融入科学界，而且，特别的是，他可能并不完全认同其价值观。

1. nevertheless但是=however=nonetheless

2. do/does/did+动词原形：表强调

3. carry a connotation有含义;意味着

4. the person concerned有关的人;相关的人

5. be integrated into 融入

6. scientific community科学界;注意这里的community不翻译成社区;再如medical community医学界

7. share its values认同其价值观：share 赞同(某人的观点)，认同;values价值观

8. 本句中的that引导同位语从句;该同位语从句解释前面的connotation内涵意义

第三句：The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science.十九世纪的专业化的发展，以及随之而来的对培训的长期性和复杂性的要求，对于业余人员进入科学界而言，意味着更大的问题。

1. 全句的主干：The growth of specialisation implied greater problems for sth 专业化的发展对于某事而言，意味着更大的问题。

2. consequent随之发生的;作为结果的——consequence结果;后果——consequently因此

3. requirement要求

4. training培训;训练

5. amateur participation业余人员的参与

第四句：The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.这一趋势在基于数学训练或实验室训练的科学领域里自然表现得最明显，也可以从英国地质学的发展角度给予解释。

1. 全句主干：The trend was...obvious , and can be illustrated...这个趋势最明显，也可以给予解释

2. areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training：基于数学训练或实验室训练的科学领域(based on基于，做后置定语;修饰前面的areas of science)

3. in terms of在...方面;从...角度;依据，根据

4. geology 地理

5. United Kingdom英国

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